It is customary for diabetes mellitus to be described as an endocrinological pathology with a severe clinical picture. In this case, often the initial stages of the disease are asymptomatic or are characterized by polymorphism of manifestations. However, there are some signs of pathology that you can learn about from the following material.
Signs of diabetes in women
Throughout life, the body of the weaker sex undergoes numerous hormonal changes. These changes often result in the development of type 2 diabetes. It should also be borne in mind that women are more prone to "blocking" psychological problems with a large amount of unwanted foods. This behavior also negatively affects the course of metabolic processes.
As for type 1 diabetes, it develops in young girls under 25 and does not depend on hormonal status. At the same time, women are at risk during pregnancy, who are often diagnosed with symptoms of the gestational form of the disease, which is transient. Common symptoms of diabetes in women include:
- slow wound healing;
- drowsiness;
- Hair loss;
- itching of most different localization;
- persistent thirst;
- weight loss without diet;
- increased appetite;
- frequent profuse urination.
Symptoms of diabetes in men
The stronger sex, for the most part, prefers to ignore the body's alarming signals about problems. Against the background of abdominal obesity in men, a relative insufficiency in the production of glucose transport hormone is often observed. Unlike epinephrine, insulin is not able to effectively break down accumulated deposits. Due to the active activity of the stress hormone, a large amount of fatty acids rushes to the liver, preventing normal tissue nutrition due to glucose. In general, the symptoms of diabetes in men are identical to those in women.
How does diabetes appear in children?
A high blood glucose level in a child may be due to obesity or a genetic predisposition. However, in the scientific community there are often discussions about the infectious nature of this phenomenon. Such views can be supplemented by the statements of some experts, who consider diabetes mellitus (especially juvenile) as a complication after vaccination. As a result, adults should respond appropriately if a child develops the following symptoms after vaccination:
- persistent thirst;
- bed washing;
- vomiting;
- weight loss against the background of increased appetite;
- private skin infections;
- decrease in motor and mental activity.
The first signs
It is not easy to recognize the disease at an early stage of development due to the polymorphism of its signs. As a rule, body signals are confused with overload and fatigue. The clinical picture in the secondary form of the pathology may be completely absent until the patient falls into hyperglycemic coma or suffers a heart attack or stroke. The disease of the first type, for the most part, manifests itself initially with severe conditions in the form of characteristic acute attacks. However, it is important to note that the first symptoms of diabetes may include:
- The patient can not lift the big toe off the floor.
- When the palms are touched, only the fingertips are in the area of direct contact.
- There is urination in bed (if it is a child).
- There are problems with the teeth.
- There is a sharp deterioration of vision.
Symptoms of latent diabetes
In most cases, the disease develops unnoticed by a person. Manifestation of a latent process occurs against the background of stress, infectious and autoimmune lesions of the body. At the same time, latent diabetes mellitus is considered more dangerous than open diabetes. Experts note that with a latent form of the disease, the negative consequences of pancreatic dysfunction are often diagnosed, among which a special place is occupied by the so-called diabetic foot syndrome. In this regard, it would be appropriate to mention the main symptoms of latent diabetes:
- feeling of dryness in the mouth;
- headache;
- detection of acetone in urine analysis;
- added fatigue.
How to distinguish the type of diabetes
It is known that high blood sugar levels occur as a result of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. Noting any symptoms of diabetes in men, women or children, it is important to note that each form of pathology varies in the degree of damage to specific cells (Langerhans islands) located in the body of the pancreas and the synthesis of much-needed insulinfor. bodies. With the complete loss of these formations, the production of biologically active substances necessary for glucose transport becomes impossible.
The second type of diabetes is characterized by the preservation of the functional activity of the islets of Langerhans, but the insulin produced in this case is unable to send glucose to tissues and organs due to the high concentration of fatty acids in the human body. . Patients with this type of pathology with an active lifestyle and a special diet often do without parenteral administration of the hormone.
Type 1 symptoms
As mentioned earlier, the development of absolute insufficiency of insulin production begins with an acute reaction of the body to an increase in blood sugar. It also happens that a person is aware that there is a high risk of developing such problems. In this situation, the patient undergoes preventive examinations to detect the disease in time. With this approach, the process rarely escalates. Meanwhile, in people suffering from type 1 diabetes, hypoglycemia often occurs due to the wrong dose of insulin. In addition, in the primary form of pathology, it is observed:
- strong thirst;
- the smell of acetone from the mouth;
- consuming a large amount of a wide variety of foods;
- polyuria;
- slow healing of the wound surface;
- diabetic ketoacidosis;
- skin problems in the form of frequent fungal infections and boils.
How is type 2 manifested?
Relative insufficiency of insulin production has a milder clinical picture. The patient's sugar level may remain within normal limits for a long time. Test results, as a rule, vary for the worse when diabetes becomes acute. Up to this point, patients do not pay attention to sharp weight loss and reduced physical activity. In addition to the above signs, in type 2 diabetes, the following changes in body function can be noticed:
- rapid fatigue;
- drowsiness;
- osteoporosis;
- tired appearance;
- renal pathology, which often leads to diabetic nephropathy;
- non-healing wounds on the skin;
- itching;
- sudden hair loss;
- disorientation;
- tingling and numbness of the extremities.